Tratamiento de la amigdalitis estreptocócica con amoxicilina una vez al día: metaanálisis / Treatment of streptococcal tonsillitis with once-a-day amoxicillin: a meta-analysis

Introducción: El objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática es determinar si el tratamiento antibiótico de la faringoamigdalitis estreptocócica con una dosis diaria de amoxicilina tiene una eficacia similar a otras posologías (cada 8 o 12h) del mismo antibiótico o de penicilina V. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron ensayos clínicos aleatorios (ECA), que compararan amoxicilina (1 dosis/día) frente a otras posologías de amoxicilina (cada 8-12h) o penicilina V (cada 6, 8 o 12h). Bases de datos y buscadores consultados: Medline, Central, EMBASE y Google Académico. Los resultados se combinaron estimándose la diferencia de riesgos ponderada (DR). Se midió la eficacia del tratamiento por la negativización de cultivo orofaríngeo previamente positivo a estreptococo del grupo A a los 14-21 días (bajo una hipótesis de no inferioridad, considerando como tal que el límite superior del intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC del 95%] de la DR no supere el 10%) y la recaída clínica a los 10-21 días. Los resultados se combinaron siguiendo un modelo de efectos fijos o aleatorios según existiera o no heterogeneidad. Resultados: Cumplieron los criterios de selección 4 ECA con 1.314 participantes (657 recibieron amoxicilina 1 vez/día y 657 otros antibióticos o posologías): a) cultivo positivo para cualquier estreptococo (14-21 días, 4 ECA): DR: –0,5% (IC del 95%, –5,1% a 4,2%; b) persistencia del mismo serotipo (14-21 días, 3 ECA): DR: 0,32% (IC del 95%, –3,1% a 3,7%; c) recaída clínica (10-21 días, 2 ECA): DR: 1,7% (IC del 95%, –1,9% a 5,4%); d) efectos adversos (4 ECA): DR: –0,39% (IC del 95%, –1,5% a 6,8%(. No existieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en ninguna de las comparaciones realizadas. Conclusiones: La amoxicilina, administrada en una sola dosis diaria, no es inferior a otras posologías del mismo antibiótico o de penicilina V. Estos resultados son importantes ya que pueden facilitar el cumplimiento terapéutico (AU)

Introduction: The objective of this systematic review is to determine if the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis with a daily dose of amoxicillin is similar in effectiveness to other dosing schedules (every 6, 8 or 12hours) of the same antibiotic or penicillin V. Material and methods: Randomised clinical trials (RCT) comparing amoxicillin (one dose per day) compared to other dosages of amoxicillin (every 8-12hours) or penicillin V (every 6, 8 or 12hours). Search databases consulted: Medline, Central, EMBASE and Google Scholar. The results were combined using the risk difference (RD). We measured the effectiveness of each treatment with a negative throat culture on the 14-21th day, being previously positive to group A Streptococcus (under a non-inferiority hypothesis, where the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval [95% CI] of the DR does not exceed 10%) and clinical failure on days 10-21. The results were combined according to a fixed effects model or random depending on whether or not there was heterogeneity. Results: Four RCT met the selection criteria with 1,314 participants (657 received amoxicillin once per day, and 657 received other antibiotics or dosages): a) any positive culture for Streptococcus (14-21st day, 4 RCTs): DR: –0.5% (95% CI: –5.1% to 4.2%; b) persistence of the same serotype (14-21st day, 3 RCT): DR: 0.32% (95% CI: –3.1% to 3.7%; c) clinical failure (2 RCT): DR: 1.7% (95% CI: –1.9% to 5.4%; d) adverse effects (4 RCT): DR: –0.39% (95% CI: –1.5% to 6.8%). There were no statistically significant differences in any comparisons. Conclusions: Amoxicillin, administered once daily is not inferior to other dosages of the same antibiotic or penicillin V. These results are important because they may facilitate compliance (AU)

[Treatment of streptococcal tonsillitis with once-a-day amoxicillin: a meta-analysis]. / Tratamiento de la amigdalitis estreptocócica con amoxicilina una vez al día: metaanálisis.

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this systematic review is to determine if the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis with a daily dose of amoxicillin is similar in effectiveness to other dosing schedules (every 6, 8 or 12 hours) of the same antibiotic or penicillin V. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Randomised clinical trials (RCT) comparing amoxicillin (one dose per day) compared to other dosages of amoxicillin (every 8-12 hours) or penicillin V (every 6, 8 or 12 hours). Search databases consulted: Medline, Central, EMBASE and Google Scholar. The results were combined using the risk difference (RD). We measured the effectiveness of each treatment with a negative throat culture on the 14-21th day, being previously positive to group A Streptococcus (under a non-inferiority hypothesis, where the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval [95% CI] of the DR does not exceed 10%) and clinical failure on days 10-21. The results were combined according to a fixed effects model or random depending on whether or not there was heterogeneity. RESULTS: Four RCT met the selection criteria with 1,314 participants (657 received amoxicillin once per day, and 657 received other antibiotics or dosages): a) any positive culture for Streptococcus (14-21st day, 4 RCTs): DR: -0.5% (95% CI: -5.1% to 4.2%; b) persistence of the same serotype (14-21st day, 3 RCT): DR: 0.32% (95% CI: -3.1% to 3.7%; c) clinical failure (2 RCT): DR: 1.7% (95% CI: -1.9% to 5.4%; d) adverse effects (4 RCT): DR: -0.39% (95% CI: -1.5% to 6.8%). There were no statistically significant differences in any comparisons. CONCLUSIONS: Amoxicillin, administered once daily is not inferior to other dosages of the same antibiotic or penicillin V. These results are important because they may facilitate compliance.